Agrochemical Poisoning Among Small Scale Tobacco Growers in Zvimba District, Mashonaland West, Zimbabwe

Abstract

Globally, the use of pesticide is growing day by day, the use of agrochemicals in agriculture have become inevitable in modern day agriculture. Evidence has shown that correct use of agrochemicals can directly increase both the yields and quality of crops that are produced. Tobacco is one such crop where there is extensive use of agrochemicals. Research has shown that improper handling and use of these chemicals can have devastating health effects. The study aimed to investigate the knowledge and practices of small- scale tobacco growers in Zvimba District on agrochemical use for the period 2017 to 2020. An analytical cross sectional study design was used. All the farmers who were registered with the TIMB in the selected district were eligible for enrolment in the study. The study enrolled 84 participants who were then administered structured questionnaires. Data was analysed using STATA Version 16 for Windows. Use of poisonous agrochemical which has purple and red triangles was still prevalent at 19% and 23% respectively. 92% of the respondents cited that they have lockable units for storage of agrochemicals. Age of respondents and years of experience in use of agrochemicals was associated with having a higher score on knowledge with OR=1.8 (95% CI: 1.17, 2.41) and 2.9(1.71, 3.41) respectively. Having received training on use of agrochemicals was also associated with attaining a higher score on knowledge with OR=2.9(1.71, 3.41). With regard to personal hygiene, 19% reported that they wash their working clothes after a spraying session and 39% indicated that they do a full body wash. Use of personal protective equipment was poor with less than 10 % reporting correct and adequate use of PPE. Lack of knowledge on the importance of PPE and the economic burden that is associated with purchasing it were the most mentioned barriers to use of PPE. Most respondents cited that it was expensive and viewed that they think it was something they could do without.