Adolescents Abuse of Crystal Methamphatamine in Mbare, Harare

Abstract

Crystal Methamphetamine abuse in low socio-economic settings and crowded urban setup such as Mbare is on the rise and forming a vicious cycle of pull and push factors. The research explored the causes of Crystal Methamphetamine abuse by adolescents in Mbare, Harare. It was informed by an increase in reported cases of drugs and substance abuse in Zimbabwe, specifically for crystal methamphetamine. The study utilised a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research design and as it sought to provide indepth understanding of the influences that affect adolescents and how it relates to their decision to use and abuse drugs. All respondents indicated that drug peddling is rife in Mbare, making the availability of drugs easy to acquire and there is no concrete strategy by law enforcement agencies to curtail availability of hard drugs on the streets. Seven key themes that emerged from the focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were that young people indulged in drug abuse as a result of curiosity, peer pressure, enhance performance, boost self-esteem, cope with unpleasant emotions, frustration, and to get high. Three respondents were using crystal methamphetamine because of feelings of low self-esteem, depression and psychological distress. Five respondents were introduced to crystal methamphetamine by friends and neighbours and became addicted without the intention of doing so. Eight respondents revealed the theme of obsession with crystal methamphetamine which stems from the fact that it has ‘exciting’ short term effects. The willingness to seek treatment is generally low and rehabilitation is largely dependent on the drug user’s willingness to seek treatment. Eight respondents were unwilling to seek treatment from institutions, five respondents were willing but expressed the need for support from family whereas three were unsure if they needed help offered from Rehabilitating institutions. Public institutions which provide rehabilitation and psychosocial support to drug users are available and though these institutions are overwhelmed and have limited capacity, they are able to provide effective drug rehabilitation and support to willing individuals. Private Institutions provide rehabilitation for drug users but most of them are expensive and out of reach for the Mbare Population. Crowded environments such as Matapi Flats and the low income structure exposes adolescents to many vices which lead to crystal methamphetamine use such as peer pressure, criminal activities and drug abuse among others.