Urban Sprawl and Access to Potable Water in Bindura, Zimbabwe

Abstract

The study focused on the nexus between urban sprawl and clean and safe potable water accessibility in Bindura. The study explored the state of water security for residents in Bindura, specifically in Chipadze, Chiwaridzo and newly developed suburbs of Garikai and Brookdale. This research aimed at understanding potable water availability for residents in Chipadze and Chiwaridzo (old suburbs) in comparison to those occupying newly developed suburbs of Garikai and Brookdale. The research employed the political ecology theory to expand understanding on how water accessibility patterns and dynamics are shaped by the political influence. Qualitative case study research design was the empirical basis for this study, with a sample size of 71. The methodology made use of intensive interviews, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Ethical considerations in accordance with the best practices conducted when collecting data, dealing with research participants and accessing archived data were duly observed. The study revealed that there is frustration amongst residents due to delays by local government to provide water services. Thus, there is overcrowding and overuse of the few boreholes drilled by the United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) in Chipadze and Chiwaridzo. Consequently, water security and the human right to water are compromised as residents of Garikai and Brookdale struggle to secure clean and safe potable water. The inaccessibility of potable water has resulted in water borne diseases like cholera, typhoid and dysentery. Such inaccessibility results in the failure to maintain personal and household hygiene by dwellers of the new residential areas. All water related challenges occur despite the existence of a robust National Water Policy and comprehensive urban planning and governance policies that have not been properly implemented mainly as a result of resource restraints, political influence and corruption. The study recommends proper planning when expanding urban centers. Water and sewer pipes should be laid before residents are given approval to purchase and develop land. Local authorities should not prioritize political interests in urban planning and development as this limit effective implementation of policies at local level. More boreholes with water storage tanks should be made available in all areas that experience erratic water supply. Urgent financial resources should be mobilized towards refurbishment and upgrading of water facilities in Bindura. The study recommends further research on the capacity of local government in urban sprawl planning in order to address some of the identified weaknesses.