An Investigation of Antibiotic Activity in Urine Samples Submitted at Lancet Clinical Laboratory and its Effect on Urinary Tract Infection Diagnosis in the Y

Abstract

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections, affecting people of all ages and genders. UTIs account for around 150 million cases each year globally. On average, the overall prevalence of UTIs in the nine countries of sub-Saharan Africa was 32.12% with South Africa ranking high (67.6%) and Senegal being 5.1%. A retrospective cross sectional study was done to investigate antibiotic activity in urine samples submitted at Lancet Clinical Laboratory and its effect on Urinary Tract Infection diagnosis from 01 January -31 December 2023 in a bid to analyze its effect on UTI diagnosis .The urine samples submitted were from both males and females, some with recurrent infections, showing symptoms, catheterized, pregnant and on routine check-up with 79% being female and 21% being male of the 351-sample size. Selection criteria involved all urine samples with ordered MCS tests. Recovery rate of UTI pathogenic bacteria was observed on culture and quantified using the number of Colony Forming Units per milliliter urine. The were more female(71%) than males (29%) reporting for UTI analysis. Study participants were pregnant women, Intensive care Unit patients, Routine checkup, recurrent UTI patients and mostly symptomatic patients. Of the study participants 54,3% were positive for antibiotic activity and 45,7% were antibiotic activity negative. The response to culture of these urine samples was recorded. Also, the presence of other indicators such as symptoms, dipstick and microscopy results were analyzed to confirm diagnosis. The researcher concludes from results obtained that the presence of antibiotic residues in urine samples have an effect on UTI diagnosis results. And thus recommends adoption of the bacillus technique method of detection of antibiotics in urine as a universal test as well as invention of rapid tests so as to control the main causes of appearance of these antibiotics in urine.