Antibiotics Resistance of Echerichia Coli Isolates from Urine Samples at Federal Medical Center Jalingo Nigeria, 2019 to 2023: Risk Factors and Aetiology of Urinary Tr

Abstract

Escherichia coli is one of the most frequent causes of urinary tract infections and is among the most important pathogens causing bloodstream infections, otitis media, wound infections, neonatal meningitis, and nosocomial pneumonia. Globally, antimicrobial resistance is a serious public health concern, particularly in developing countries where infectious diseases, malnutrition, and poverty are endemic. This study was aimed at the determination of the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from urine samples processed at Federal Medical Center Jalingo, Nigeria, from 2019 to 2023. The research was a retrospective, cross-sectional study based on the data that was obtained from the Federal Medical Centre Laboratory Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria. Each laboratory urine test result for E. coli that was obtained from 2019 to 2023 was considered as the study unit. The data was extracted from the Laboratory Information Management Systems Database. The research was conducted in 2024 and the sample size that was used was 384. The patients were randomly selected. Bar graphs and tables were used as the main media in the presentation of the numerical data. The statistical analysis of the data was done using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. From 2019 to 2023, a total number of 1,920 patient results were analyzed; 777 were males, 1143 were females; 550 were from urban areas, and 1370 from rural areas. The overall resistance of E. coli to antibiotics was very high. The susceptibility pattern of E. coli from 2019 to 2023 has changed; there was a decreased susceptibility pattern from 2019 to 2023. The most prevalent susceptible antibiotic is Streptomycin (45.2%), followed by ciprofloxacin (36.3%). The study concluded that Streptomycin (45.2%) and Ciprofloxacin (36.3%) have shown more susceptibility over the last five years. Therefore, they could be considered as antimicrobials for empirical therapy of Uropathogenic E. coli at Federal Medical Center Jalingo. It is recommended that there is a need for continuous updates on the resistance pattern of E. coli at Federal Medical Center Jalingo to monitor and control antimicrobial resistance.